MWI Bureau

In a monumental move towards sustainability, Tata Steel has joined forces with ABB to embark on a groundbreaking journey to reduce the carbon footprint of steel production.

Around 75% of steel production is still largely made in coal-fired blast furnaces, which contribute to around 8% of global emissions.

Coal can be categorised into various types namely lignite, bituminous, sub bituminous and anthracite. Lignite is considered the lowest grade of coal, anthracite being the highest because of its highest heating value and highest carbon content (up to 97%).

Hilt’s law states the deeper the coal the higher will be the rank or the grade of coal formed. The law holds true if the thermal gradient is entirely vertical.

The BF-BOF route accounts for 71% of the steel produced, whilst the EAF route accounts for 29% of steel produced in the world. Each tonne of steel produced via the BF-BOF route requires about 0.77 tonnes of coal.

Coal formation began to develop about 300 million years ago, during the time of Carboniferous period. This period witnessed wide, shallow seas and dense forests. The seas occasionally flooded the forested areas, thereby trapping plants and algae at the bottom of a swampy wetland. Some new plants grew,  while some died and fell into the swamp waters. With time, thick layers of dead plants rotting in the swamp compounded and got buried and compressed under the weight of overlying mud and vegetation.

The iron age is defined as the prehistoric time which succeeded the bronze age and had witnessed the predominance of ferrous metallurgy. Modern archaeological...

Brazil and Australia accounts for the major production of iron ore worldwide. As of 2020, Brazil had reserves of 34 billion metric tons of crude ore whereas Australia has about 50 bilion tons of crude ore.

Iron is the 4th most abundant element in earth crust having a composition of close to 5%

Advanced high strength steel (AHSS) is extensively used nowadays accounting for more than 60 percent of automobile body structures.