Steel, the most commonly used metal in the world today, is in the spotlight as governments and industries strive to reduce carbon emissions. Around 75% of steel production is still largely made in coal-fired blast furnaces which release around 2 tonnes of carbon dioxide per tonne of steel. Collectively, steel industries contribute to around 8% of global emissions. Steel production requires significant energy to heat the furnaces above 1,000 °C, releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. To meet the world’s climate goals, the International Energy Agency (IEA) recommends a 50% reduction in steel emissions by 2050 and a continued decrease to meet the world’s climate goals.
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